The cold-rolled steel used in the PLACEHOLDER all-steel experimental bench is steel produced through cold rolling. Cold rolling is to further thin the steel plate to a target thickness at room temperature. Compared with hot-rolled steel plates, the thickness of cold-rolled steel plates is more accurate, and the surface is smooth and beautiful. It also has various good mechanical properties, especially in terms of processing performance. Because cold-rolled raw coils are relatively brittle and hard and not suitable for processing, cold-rolled steel plates usually need to undergo annealing, pickling, phosphating and surface smoothing.

        The difference between cold-rolled steel and hot-rolled steel is not in the smelting process, but in the rolling temperature, or the rolling termination temperature. If the final rolling temperature is lower than the recrystallization temperature of the steel, it becomes cold rolled steel. Hot-rolled steel is easy to roll and has high rolling efficiency. However, the steel is oxidized under hot-rolling conditions and the surface of the product is black and gray. Cold-rolled steel requires high-power rolling mills, low rolling efficiency, and intermediate annealing is required to eliminate work hardening during the rolling process, so the cost is also high. However, cold-rolled steel has a bright surface and good quality and can be directly used to process finished products. Therefore, cold-rolled steel plates are widely used.

        Cold-rolled plates are products obtained by cold-pressing hot-rolled sheets. Due to multiple passes of cold rolling, its surface quality is better than that of hot-rolled sheets. After heat treatment, it can obtain good mechanical properties.
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